The Effect of Routine Deworming on the Nutritional Status of Children in Jigawa State
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Background of the Study
Intestinal parasitic infections, especially helminths, are a major public health concern in many developing countries. These infections are closely linked to poor nutritional status, stunted growth, and impaired cognitive development in children. In Nigeria, approximately 70% of school-aged children are affected by helminthic infections, which significantly impact their overall health (Dawodu et al., 2023). Jigawa State, located in the northern region of Nigeria, has one of the highest rates of childhood malnutrition and parasitic infections.
Routine deworming, which involves administering anthelmintic medications to children at regular intervals, has been shown to reduce the prevalence of intestinal parasites and improve nutritional outcomes (Bello & Adepoju, 2024). Research indicates that deworming programs can lead to improvements in children's growth parameters, including weight gain and height-for-age, by reducing the nutrient absorption issues caused by parasitic infections.
In Jigawa State, where malnutrition remains a critical issue, routine deworming could play an essential role in improving children's nutritional status and overall health. This study will assess the effect of routine deworming on the nutritional status of children in Jigawa State, examining the relationship between parasite control and key growth indicators.
Statement of the Problem
Malnutrition remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five in Jigawa State. The high prevalence of helminthic infections exacerbates the problem, as these infections compromise the absorption of essential nutrients, leading to stunted growth, anemia, and weakened immune systems (Ahmed et al., 2024). While routine deworming has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an effective public health strategy, its implementation and impact in Jigawa State are yet to be fully explored.
Failure to address parasitic infections through routine deworming may result in continued high rates of malnutrition and related health complications in children. This study aims to determine whether routine deworming can significantly improve the nutritional status of children in Jigawa State.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the effect of routine deworming on the nutritional status of children in Jigawa State.
- To determine the prevalence of helminthic infections among children in the region.
- To identify factors influencing the success of routine deworming programs in improving child nutrition.
Research Questions
- How does routine deworming affect the nutritional status of children in Jigawa State?
- What is the prevalence of helminthic infections among children in Jigawa State?
- What factors influence the effectiveness of routine deworming programs in improving child nutrition?
Research Hypotheses
- Routine deworming significantly improves the nutritional status of children in Jigawa State.
- The prevalence of helminthic infections among children in Jigawa State is high.
- Various factors, such as community awareness and healthcare access, influence the effectiveness of routine deworming programs.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on children aged 2 to 5 years in Jigawa State, assessing both nutritional indicators (such as weight-for-height, height-for-age, and hemoglobin levels) and the prevalence of helminthic infections. Limitations may include challenges in obtaining accurate nutritional and health data, variations in deworming program coverage, and potential biases in parental reporting.
Definitions of Terms
- Deworming: The administration of anthelmintic medications to eliminate intestinal parasites.
- Nutritional Status: A measure of the health and well-being of an individual, often assessed through growth parameters and biochemical markers.
- Helminthic Infections: Parasitic infections caused by worms, which can impair nutrient absorption and lead to malnutrition.
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